Cr(VI) Immobilization Process in a Cr‐Spiked Soil by Zerovalent Iron Nanoparticles: Optimization Using Response Surface Methodology |
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Authors: | Leila Alidokht Ali Reza Khataee Adel Reyhanitabar Shahin Oustan |
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Institution: | 1. Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran;2. Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Soil Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran;3. Email:a_khataee@tabrizu.ac.ir ar_khataee@yahoo.com |
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Abstract: | The response surface methodology involving the five‐level central composite design (CCD) was employed to model and optimize the Cr(VI) immobilization process in a Cr‐spiked soil using starch‐stabilized zerovalent iron nanoparticles (ZVIn). ZVIn were synthesized via a borohydride reduction method and characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). All Cr(VI) immobilization experiments were conducted in a batch system. The variables for the CCD optimization were the ZVIn dosage (% w/w), reaction time (min), and initial Cr(VI) concentration in soil (mg/kg). The predicted response values by the second‐order polynomial model were found to be in good agreement with experimental values (R2 = 0.968 and adj‐R2 = 0.940). The optimization result showed that the Cr(VI) immobilization efficiency presented the maximal result (90.63%) at the following optimal conditions: ZVIn dosage of 1.5% w/w, reaction time of 60 min, and an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 400 mg/kg. |
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Keywords: | Central composite design Cr(VI) reduction Fe0 nanoparticles Optimization Soil contamination |
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