地球的化学成因

大量的地球化学资料充分地说明地球和隕星的化学成分属于同一类型.隕星中的隕石相和地壳上的超基性岩石的化学成分很相近似.二者之間的同位素比值,如He~3、C~(13)、S~(34)、Fe~(54)、Fe~(57)、F~(58)、K~(40)等都属于同一数量級.地球起源于隕星的假說有其一定的化学根据. 为了探索地球的成因,我們首先探索隕星的化学成因,第二步再探索地壳的化学成因. 本文采用热力学或物理化学的方法,这些方法在近代文献中多次被指出和試用.

THE CHEMICAL GENESIS OF THE EARTH

A crude thermodynamic analysis was made for the chemical compositim of silicate phase and the metal phase of meteorite. A relation between the chemical composition and free energy for several elements was found （Fig. 1 & 2）. The temperature of equilibrium was found to be 5,800-7,500 ^°K, and the concentration of Oxygen-carrying ion to be in the order of 10^-3-10^-4. Such Condition can be found on the surface of the sun. A similar analysis was made for the silicate phase of cosmic spherules and igneous rocks. A relation between the chemical composition, free energy and molar volume was found for some elements （table 3）. The condition of equilibrium was found to be at a temperature of 3,300-4,500^°K and under a pressure about 8,000-22,000 atmospheres.