保水剂处理土壤的抗风蚀性能研究

将不同浓度的保水剂,在不同风速和不同喷洒量的条件下施用于黄土、粉煤灰、风沙土中,对其胶结作用所具有的抗风蚀性能进行了野外及风洞实验。结果显示:在净风条件下,保水剂固沙、抑制扬尘效果显著;在风沙流条件下,保水剂大浓度(50g·m-3)时具有明显的抗风蚀、抑制沙尘的效果;不同土类在风力为20m·s-1内,保水剂对黄土、粉煤灰、风沙土的固定、抑制扬尘效果显著。20m·s-1以上时,保水剂对黄土、粉煤灰、风沙土的固定、抑制扬尘效果随保水剂浓度的增大抗风蚀强度随之增强。但保水剂和固沙复合材料共同施用于风沙土,防风蚀效果更为显著;生产应用中,建议保水剂对风沙土的应用浓度为560g·m-3,对黄土的应用浓度为140～280g·m-3,对粉煤灰的应用浓度为50～140g·m-3。

Wind Erosion-resistance of Soil Treated by Water-retaining Agent

The cementation of water-retaining agent can make soil resist wind erosion. We applied different concentrations of water-retaining agents to spray on loess, pulverized fuel ash and aeolian sandy soil, by which we studied the effectof treated soil on resisting wind erosion under various wind velocities in wind tunnel. (1)Under net wind, different concentrations of water-retaining agents all have remarkable effect on resisting wind-erosion; under blown sand flux, the water-retaining agent with high concentration (50 g\5m~(-3)) showed remarkable effect on resisting wind-erosion. (2)When wind velocity was lower than 20 m\5s~(-1), the effect was always remarkable; when more than 20 m\5s~(-1)the effect was not ideal, but it strengthened with the concentration of water-retaining agent increasing. (3)If combining with compound sand-fixation material in operation the effect of water-retaining agent on resisting wind erosion would be more remarkable. We suggested the ideal concentrations of water-retaining agent are: 560 g\5m~(-3) for aeolian sandy soil, 140~280 g\5m~(-3) for loess and 50~140 g\5m~(-3) for pulverized fuel ash.