Subionospheric VLF/LF monitoring of ionospheric perturbations for the 2004 Mid-Niigata earthquake and their structure and dynamics |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Electronic Engineering and Research Station on Seismo Electromagnetics, University of Electro-Communications , 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan;2. Institute of Radiophysics, St. Petersburg State University, Petrodvoretz, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia;1. Computer Science Research and Application Center, Yüzüncü Y?l University, Van 65080, Turkey;2. Department of Computer Engineering, ?nönü University, Malatya 44280, Turkey;1. Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Laboratory of Geophysics and Seismology, Chania 73100, Crete, Greece;2. Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction, University College London, Gower Str., London WC1E 6BT, UK;3. Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Egaleo, 12210 Athens, Greece;1. Research Domain IV – Transdisciplinary Concepts and Methods, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegrafenberg A31, 14473 Potsdam, Germany;2. Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany;3. Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Department for Soil Landscape Research, Eberswalder Straße 84, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany;4. Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kreuzeckbahnstraße 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany |
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| Abstract: | This paper reports on the detailed spatial structure and temporal dynamics of the ionospheric perturbations associated with the huge 2004 Mid-Niigata earthquake in Japan. The terminator time method in VLF/LF subionospheric propagation has been used to deduce the presence and dynamics of the seismo-ionospheric perturbations by making full use of our Japanese VLF/LF network observations. It is found that significant shifts were observed in terminator time for some selected paths, a few to several days before the earthquake, and we obtained the anisotropic shape of the inferred ionospheric perturbation likely elongated along the fault lines there. The temporal dynamics of inhomogeneity of the perturbations is suggested on the basis of a comparison of the observed terminator time shift and theoretical full-wave computations (2D FDTD and 3D full-wave scattering). |
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