基于ComGIS的闽江口湿地时空演变分析系统

闽江口湿地是中国最重要的滨海湿地之一,加强该湿地的管理对于东亚—澳大拉西亚候鸟迁徙路线上鸟类生物多样性的保护意义重大。应用变化动态度、马尔柯夫链等数学方法和景观生态学理论,构建了闽江口湿地时空演变模型;采用组件式开发技术,利用M apOb jects在V isual Basic平台上,进行闽江口湿地时空演变信息系统设计和开发,并使用该信息系统对闽江口湿地时空演变进行实例分析。结果表明,采用ComG IS技术开发湿地信息系统具有高度的可维护性、可重用性和开放性等特点,该系统能更高效、直观管理闽江口湿地空间信息和属性信息,以形象化的方式对湿地作全局性时空分析,使得闽江口湿地管理和保护更加科学、便捷。应用该系统对1986年到2000年间闽江口湿地演变分析表明,由于该时期当地社会经济的高速发展,城镇化进程的加速,人类活动已经成为影响闽江口湿地的最主要原因。

Analysis System of Spatio-temporal Evolution Information of the Minjiang River Estuary Wetlands Based on ComGIS

The Minjiang River Estuary Wetlands are one of the most important coastal wetlands in China.The wetlands in this drainage basin possess the specific features in terms of types and quantity of the waterfowls,and are important habitats for the migratory birds that migrate seasonally from East Asia to Australasia.Therefore,it is significant to enhance the management of the wetlands.To manage and protect the wetlands in a more scientific and rational way,many countries and regions have set up a special wetland information management and supporting system using geography information system(GIS) technology.The component-based GIS system(ComGIS) has enormous advantages in seamless integration and the flexibility of the system.It stands for the development trend of GIS.ComGIS is a perfect way to make GIS a popular tool for both professional and non-professional people.Applying the COM technology,a specific GIS system named MJWIS for monitoring and managing of the Minjiang River Estuary Wetlands has been developed in the research based on mathematical and ecological theories.MJWIS is programmed by Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 software based on MapObjects2.0 that is a GIS component of American ESRI Company.It is composed of 3 layers: basic information layer,function module layer and information expressing layer.The wetland system provides the following functions: to edit and browse data,to query data,spatial analysis,to make thematic maps,to print report form,graphics tools,wetland ecologic analysis,wetland dynamic change analysis,and so on.Then some detail about the wetland system database build-up and the key technologies of the system designing and programming were discussed in the paper.The key technologies include: acquiring and updating the wetland data,standardizing the wetland data,mapping wetland change,and analysis model of wetland change.At last,the classified images and its vector diagram of Minjiang River Estuary Wetlands were made by remote sensing and GIS software using Landsat TM Satellite Data taken in 1986,1994 and 2000,and the wetland dynamic change from 1986 to 2000 was analyzed based on MJWIS.The results showed that using the ComGIS technology,the wetland system's main function module was divided into several controls,and every control fulfilled different function like a heap of building block.Therefore,the wetland system was established effectively by some controls' combination according to demands,and could be maintained,extended and reused effectively in the future.The application to the Minjiang River Estuary Wetlands showed that the system could provide visual information and a vivid way to analyze wetland change.It enhanced the management of the Minjiang River Estuary Wetlands.And the analysis results indicated that the human activities have become the main cause of the wetland change,with the development of society and economy during the period from 1986 to 2000.To perfect the system,a new component called ArcEngine of ESRI Company would be used to specially enhance the raster analysis function in the future.