Tubeworm-associated communities at hydrothermal vents on the Juan de Fuca Ridge,northeast Pacific |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Ocean Sciences, P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, BC, Canada V8L 4B2;2. Biology Department, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3020, Victoria, BC, Canada V8W 3N5;1. Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Oceanography, P.O. Box 2214, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece;2. Department of Maritime Studies, University of Piraeus, G. Lambraki 21 & Distomou, 18533 Piraeus, Greece;1. Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;1. Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, 35121 Padova, Italy;2. C.U.G.A.S., University of Padova, Via Jappelli 1/A, 35121 Padova, Italy;1. Ifremer, Centre de Bretagne, REM/EEP, Laboratoire Environnement Profond, Institut Carnot EDROME, F-29280 Plouzané, France;2. Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada;3. Red Sea Research Centre, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;4. Marine Biology Section, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;5. Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1–12, Moscow 119992, Russia;1. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou, China;2. Department of Biology and Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China;3. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China;4. School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China;5. Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences & Second Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Hangzhou, China;6. Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK;7. Third Institute of Oceanography, MNR, Xiamen, China;8. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China |
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| Abstract: | Hydrothermal vent communities on a mid-ocean ridge crest can be separated by large distances on separate segments. Heat sources, vent character, fluid chemistry and current patterns may differ markedly. This study examines whether vent community characteristics on three of the four southern segments of the Juan de Fuca Ridge are significantly different. Taxonomic composition and relative abundance of the fauna over 1 mm in size associated with vestimentiferan tubeworm bushes are examined from fifty-one collections. Among nearly 350,000 specimens, 37 taxa are recognized, most to species level. Another 14 taxa are meiofaunal in size classification. Species richness and selected diversity indicators are highest on Axial Volcano while animal density within the bushes does not differ significantly. Cluster analysis does not group collections by location, year of collection or vent temperature; collection substratum—basalt or sulphide—may influence clustering. The architecture of the tubes of tubeworm bushes appears to affect the numbers of species present and the resultant clusters. The tightly interwoven, knotted Ridgeia piscesae tubes found on Axial host twice as many species as tubeworm bushes with a less complex structure. Four species dominate most of the collections: two gastropods (Lepetodrilus fucensis and Depressigyra globulus) and two polychaetes (Paralvinella pandorae and Amphisamytha galapagensis). Other vent species are low in abundance (<1% relative abundance) and patchy in distribution. Four collections with no visible flow had markedly different assemblages representing a transition state from vent assemblages to normal deep-sea fauna. There are differences in community structure among the segments, but the causes for these differences are unclear. Higher diversity on Axial Volcano may be supported by a greater time of sustained venting, a larger venting area, water circulation contained within the caldera, or flow conditions that sponsor growth of more complex habitat. |
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