滨海湿地红树林生态修复对鹭科鸟类种群动态的影响

通过调查厦门市下潭尾滨海湿地红树林生态修复区的鹭科鸟类物种和数量,对比海水不同潮位鹭科鸟类数量、生境分布以及红树林不同修复阶段白鹭种群数量变化,探讨红树林生态修复对鹭科鸟类种群动态的影响。2018—2019年在修复区共调查记录到8种鹭科鸟类,秋冬季鹭鸟种类较多,5—6月鹭鸟数量最多,其中白鹭为优势种;与修复初期相比,修复区在修复完成后的白鹭种群数量明显增加;修复区鹭科鸟类在海水低潮位时主要觅食于潮间带滩涂,在高潮位时大多数停歇于未被海水淹没的红树林,观察发现一些鹭鸟在繁殖季节营巢于高大的红树林。结果表明,滨海湿地红树林生态修复能够改善鹭科鸟类栖息环境,增加修复区的鹭科鸟类数量。

The Effects of Ecological Restoration of Mangroves on the Population Dynamics of Ardeid Birds in Coastal Wetlands

The species and population sizes of ardeid birds in the area of mangrove ecological restoration in Xiatanwei coastal wetland in Xiamen were investigated to understand the effects of mangrove ecological restoration on the population dynamics,by comparing the number and the habitat distributions of the ardeid birds at different tide levels,and the changes of population sizes of Egretta garzetta among different restoration stages.During 2018—2019,8 ardeid species were recorded in the restoration area,with more ardeid species in autumn and winter.The ardeid populations reached the largest between May and June,and Egretta garzetta was adominant species.Compared with initial restoration stage,the population size of Egretta garzetta significantly increased after mangrove restoration.In this restoration area,ardeid birds mainly forage dontidal mudflats when tide level was low,and most of them roosted on mangrove canopy unsubmerged by sea water when tide level was high.Moreover,our study found that some ardeids nested on tall mangrove trees during breeding seasons.These results indicated that mangrove ecological restoration in the coastal wetland improved the habitats for ardied birds,and resulted in increased numbers of ardied birds in the restoration area.