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A Late Winter Hydrography in Hidaka Bay, South of Hokkaido, Japan
Authors:Manabu Shimizu  Yutaka Isoda  Kazumi Baba
Institution:(1) Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan;(2) Graduate School of Fisheries Science, Hokkaido University, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan;(3) Nippon Marine Enterprises Ltd., Yokosuka 238-0004, Japan
Abstract:Hydrographic observations in Hidaka Bay, south of Hokkaido, Japan were carried out in late winter 1996 and 1997 to examine the spatial distributions and circulation features of two different water masses, i.e., Coastal Oyashio Water (COW) and Tsugaru Warm Water (TWW), and their modifications. It is known that COW is mostly composed of cold and low-salinity water of the melted drift ice coming from the Okhotsk Sea and flows into Hidaka Bay from winter to spring and TWW with high-salinity continuously supplies from the Tsugaru Strait to the North Pacific. Cold surface mixed layers (<26.2σθ, 0–100 m depth) were found mainly over the shelf slope, confirming that anti-clockwise flow of COW was formed. TWW was relatively high in salinity and low in potential vorticity, and had some patch-like water masses with a temperature and salinity maximum in the limited area in the further offshore at the deeper density levels of 26.6–26.8σθ. The fine structure of vertical temperature and salinity profiles appeared between TWW and COW is an indication of enhanced vertical mixing (double-diffusive mixing), as inferred from the estimated Turner angles. At a mouth of the Tsugaru Strait in late winter 1997, a significant thermohaline front between TWW and the modified COW was formed and a main path of TWW spreaded south along the Sanriku coast, probably as the bottom controlled flow. Hence, the patch-like TWW observed in late winter is isolated from the Tsugaru Warm Current and then rapidly modified due to a diapycnal mixing. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.
Keywords:Hidaka Bay  Coastal Oyashio Water (COW)  Tsugaru Warm Water (TWW)  thermohaline front  diapycnal mixing
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