典型城市湖泊五里湖底栖动物群落演变特征及其生态修复应用建议

底栖动物作为湖泊生态修复中常用的淡水生物类群,对维持和稳定湖泊生态系统结构与功能具有重要作用,探明底栖动物群落演变特征对湖泊生态修复实践具有重要的指导意义.本研究于2007—2017年对太湖五里湖底栖动物群落结构开展了11年的长期调查,结合底栖动物历史数据以及水体、沉积物和浮游植物等相关资料的分析,探讨了五里湖底栖动物群落结构演变特征及潜在的影响因素.在综合分析底栖动物及环境因子变化特征的基础上,结合五里湖开发与修复工程的特点和发生时间,发现五里湖底栖动物群落演变过程总体可划分为自然演变、快速退化、生境修复和缓慢恢复4个阶段.在自然演变阶段,生境特征为底栖动物群落演变的直接影响因素,如水深、溶解氧和底质类型等;在快速退化阶段,人类活动干扰(如围湖造田)剧烈成为此阶段底栖动物群落演变的主要影响因素;在生境修复阶段,五里湖内开展的综合整治(包括生态清淤、污水截流、退渔还湖、动力换水、生态修复、湖岸整治和环湖林带建设等工程)等各项生态修复工程成为群落演变的主要影响因素,但在此阶段底栖动物优势种仍为耐污种;自2014年以来进入缓慢恢复期,软体动物投放成为底栖动物群落演变的一个重要影响因素,铜锈...

Succession of macrozoobenthic communities and implications for ecological restoration in an urban Lake Wuli, Jiangsu Province

Zoobenthos play crucial roles in maintaining and stabilizing the structure and function of lake ecosystem. Moreover, various zoobenthic species are valuable in freshwater eco-restoration. Uncovering the succession of zoobenthic community evolution could provide important information for the application of zoobenthic species in freshwater eco-restoration. In the present study, succession of macrozoobenthic communities was examined by combing field investigation from 2007 to 2017 and various documents. It was found that the succession of zoobenthos community in Lake Wuli can be divided into four stages, including natural succession stage, rapid degradation stage, habitat restoration stage and slow recovery stage. Besides, taking the water quality, sediment characteristics, phytoplankton community, and the reported eco-restoration activities in Lake Wuli into consideration, we discussed the major impact factors in different succession stages of zoobenthos community. Summarily, based on the above results and practical application of zoobenthos in freshwater eco-restoration, the present study pointed out the research directions which should be enhanced at last.