The youngest marine deposits preserved in southern Tibet and disappearance of the Tethyan Ocean |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Xueyuan Lu 29, Beijing 100083, China;2. School of Geosciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;3. School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;1. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA;2. Department of Geology and Paleontology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba 305-0005, Japan;3. GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstrasse 1-3, 24148 Kiel, Germany;1. Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology, 33 GMS Road, Dehradun, India;2. Centre for Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India;3. HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar, Garhwal, India;4. Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow 226007, India;5. Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 308009, India;6. Institute of Water Policy, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, NUS, Singapore;7. Geography Department, National University of Singapore, Singapore;1. Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India;2. School of Earth Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Fossil ages as young as Priabonian (38–34 Ma) are reported for the last marine sedimentary rocks in southern Tibet. Correlation is based on examination of foraminifers and nannofossil biostratigraphy of youngest preserved sediments in sections at Gamba (Zongpu), Tingri (Qumiba) as well as a previously unreported section at Yadong. Our results demonstrate that a marine seaway remained in existence south of the Yarlung Tsangpo suture zone until at least Priabonian time. Notably this remains a maximum age estimate in this area as all sections are truncated by erosion or faulting. We compare our results with sections throughout the Himalaya region to demonstrate that shallow marine conditions existed widely during the Eocene period. In fact, it seems likely that the marine conditions in the Tethyan Himalaya did not entirely disappear by the end of Priabonian, especially in the eastern Himalaya. The data presented in this study place direct constraints on the elimination of the Tethyan Ocean and thus have important implications for timing of the India–Eurasia collision. |
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