石羊河下游农户的土地利用行为及效率

农户的土地利用行为不仅决定着土地资源能否可持续利用,更影响着农村生态环境质量。本文以石羊河下游484户农户的问卷调查为基础,采用多独立样本和数据包络分析(DEA)法分析不同区域和不同类型农户土地利用行为的差异性和土地利用效率及影响因素。结果表明:(1)越向石羊河尾闾,粮食作物的种植比例越小,而经济作物种植比例越大;(2)坝区种植多样化指数最高,湖区农户土地的投入和产出最高,坝区与湖区土地利用的综合技术效率和规模效率均高于泉山区;(3)随着非农化水平的提高,农兼户的种植多样化指数最高,纯农户、农兼户和兼农户的土地投入与产出、综合技术效率、规模效率依次降低;(4)家庭规模、户主年龄、非农业收入与土地利用效率呈显著负相关性,劳动力受教育水平、农业总投入、农业收入与土地利用效率呈显著正相关性。最后,提出改善石羊河下游农户的土地利用行为、提高土地利用效率的对策建议。

The Farmer's Land Use Behavior and Efficiency in the Shiyanghe River Basin,China

The farmer's land use behavior not only decides whether the resource can sustainable utilization, but also affects the quality of the rural ecological environment. This paper is based on a questionnaire survey of 484 households in the lower reaches of the Shiyanghe River, adopt multiple independent samples to inspect and analyze test the differences of behavior which peasant household utilize land, take advantage of data envelopment analysis(DEA) method for the analysis of the land use behavior and efficiency of different regions and different-type households, and the factors that affect the efficiency of land use. The results show:(1)Toward the Shiyanghe River tail, economic crop proportion is smaller, while planting area of grain crop is bigger, the plant diversity index is the smaller.(2)The plant diversity index is the highest in reservoir region. The whole input and output are the highest in lake region, the comprehensive technical efficiency and scale efficiency of land use in dike region and lake region were higher than in transitional region.(3)With the improvement of non-agriculturalization level, The plant diversity index is the highest in multiple occupations farmers, The whole input and output, the comprehensive technical efficiency and scale efficiency of land use are decline sequentially for pure farmers, multiple occupations farmers and part-time farmers.(4)The family size, head of the household age, non-agricultural income and land use efficiency is negative correlation, labor force level of education, agricultural total, agricultural income and land use efficiency is positively correlated. Lastly, based on the above research results, this paper put forward countermeasures and suggestions on land resources utilization efficiency of lower reaches of the Shiyanghe River.