中国荒漠类自然保护区保护成效评估指标及其应用

自然保护区的保护成效是近年来一个重要科学问题。中国荒漠类自然保护区面积比例较高,而针对其保护成效问题的研究较少。本文以中国荒漠类自然保护区为研究对象,结合国内外自然保护区保护成效的相关研究,构建了荒漠类自然保护区保护成效评估指标体系,包括5个因素层共计20个评估指标,并在安西极旱荒漠国家级自然保护区进行了示范应用。结果表明:本研究构建的指标体系能够反映荒漠类自然保护区主要保护对象的动态变化,从而为科学客观评估荒漠类自然保护区保护成效、提升管理水平提供重要参考依据。此外,通过示范评估可以看出,安西保护区在物种及珍稀濒危生物保护方面取得了一定成效,但在珍稀濒危及特有物种和生态系统服务功能等方面的科研监测尚有待加强。

Development of Effectiveness Assessment Indicators of Desert Nature Reserve in China:A Case Study of the Anxi National Nature Reserve

The effectiveness of nature reserve is a key question in recent studies. The desert nature reserves normally covered large area of China, but less had been studied on the effectiveness assessment of this type of reserves. In this study, we developed effectiveness assessment indicator system of desert nature reserves of China, including 20 indicators in 5 categories. Then we selected the Anxi National Nature Reserve as a case study, based on survey report and monitoring data into account. The results showed that this indicator system can reflect the changes of major protected objects of nature reserves, and then help to improve the effectiveness assessment and future management abilities. As to Anxi nature reserve, the conservation of species and endangered wild animals and plants had obtained some effects. However, the monitoring of rare species and ecosystem services functions still needs strengthened.