应用多源数据提取高植被覆盖地区岩性信息——以湖南黔阳地区为例

在植被稠密覆盖区,野外岩性、地层可见度很低,已成为地质调查和找矿的瓶颈。长期以来,遥感界一直在孜孜不倦地探索应用廉价多光谱TM数据在这些地区进行区域地质填图和开展找矿方法的研究。本研究选择湘西贫困山区作为实验区,首先从植物微量元素的生理功能入手,找出不同植被微量元素与光谱响应之间的关系,然后综合利用区域岩石地球化学数据、土壤地球化学数据、植被叶片成像光谱数据和生化成份分析数据等,建立成份、光谱与波段的关联进行合适的TM影像波段选择,最后应用遥感数据弱信息提取方法(MPH技术)对植被覆盖区进行快速的大面积岩性划分和异常信息提取,取得较好的地质填图和找矿效果。

EXTRACTION OF LITHOLOGICAL INFORMATION USING MULTI-DATA IN DENSELY VEGETATED AREA--An example from Qianyang, Hunan

The vegetation is densely cover in southern part of China, which is a big obstacle for field investigation and mapping for geological and mineral purposes in mountains, and it leads to many mistakes there to use very limited exposed stream samples to extend to regional scale. In order to get help since Mss data available, remote sensing geologists have experimented on using cheaper and easier methods to get Landsat data as an assistant tool. Especially in recent years, with the development of economic reconstruction, more money from government is investigated for mining in the poor mountain areas. For the sake of getting better understanding the mechanism of geobontany and canopy spectra, the west part of Hunan province was chosen as an example. First of all, some samples including tree leaves, soils and rocks were collected along vertical sections. Secondly, trace elements were measured in laboratory and spectral tested in the sites and laboratory. Then the statistical analysis was carried out for finding relations between responses and groups of elements which were responsible for signature of TM spectrum. Based on the results, the methodology was designed to extract geobontanical information. The validation were performed using some other geochemical, soil chemical and field investigation. Some good results were emerged after systematical work.