内蒙古临河市城市土壤环境地球化学特征

通过对内蒙古临河市区土壤、浮尘中元素地球化学特征的研究分析,表明在临河市区的表层土壤与浮尘中均存在Cd、Pb、Hg、Cu、Cr等重金属元素异常,而在深层土壤中上述元素呈背景值分布。在浮尘中各重金属元素含量明显高出对应表层土壤中元素含量,这些元素在浮尘中含量是土壤中的1.39~4.12倍。这些异常元素的来源包括燃煤产生、汽车尾气排放以及其他工业活动的排放。Pb、Cd是临河市区浮尘和土壤中的主要重金属异常元素,是主要的影响因子。Cu含量在临河市区明显高出河套平原,在浮尘中Cu含量明显高出土壤的,可能与Cu制品在城市区使用较多有关。作为一个主要以轻工业为主的城市,临河市区的重金属含量要明显低于其他大城市,但也存在元素的异常区,说明人类活动对城市区环境产生了严重影响。

Environmental Geochemical Characteristics of Soil in Linhe City,Inner Mongolia

Soil and dust samples were collected and analyzed from Linhe city,Inner Mongolia.The geochemical characteristics of the elements in the samples are given in this paper.Anomalies of Cd,Pb,Hg,Cu,Cr and other heavy metal elements were found in surface soil and dust,while they are close to the background values in deeper soil samples.The contents of all heavy metal elements in dust are obviously higher than that in the relevant surface soil with 1.39-4.12 times.The sources of abnormal elements are closely related to emission of coal combustion,automobile exhaust and other industrial activities.The Pb and Cd are the main abnormal heavy metal elements in dust and soil of the urban Linhe.The level of Cu in the urban Linhe is significantly higher than in the Hetao plain,and it is higher in floating dust than in soil.The status may be due to the excessive use of Cu products in the urban area.Linhe is a city mainly depending on the light industry,so the contents of heavy metals in the urban area are obviously lower than other big cities.However,abnormal area of element still exist,it reveals that the human activities bring serious impacts on the urban city environment.