古村落场理论及景观安全格局探讨

古村落是个特殊的场源,蕴含着丰富的历史、文化和自然要素,有其特有的景观解释和认识图式。以场论为基础,提出古村落场理论,基于该理论建立了古村落景观安全格局判别模式。从古村落角度看,古村落之外的其他现代建筑景观均被视为干扰场源。场可以用物理量“势”来计算,古村落场的势由聚落场的势和基质场的势构成。将场源周围势相等的点连接起来形成等势面,不同场源的等势面在空间相遇形成切点,通过该点的面称为阻隔面。在基质场中存在若干敏感点,敏感点与阻隔面通过聚落场与基质场的叠加,形成一定的空间关系,成为景观安全格局判别的关键要素。

On Ancient Village Scenery Field Theory and Scenery Safety Pattern

An ancient village is a special field source,which contains essential factors of rich history,culture and nature,and needs specific scenery explanation and recognition pattern.In this paper,based on the field theory,a theory of ancient village field is put forward,and a mode of safety judging pattern of ancient village scenery is established.From the angle of ancient village,all the modern sceneries are taken as obstructive field sources.Field can be calculated with physical quantity potential.Potential of an ancient village field consists of two parts,i.e.the potential of settlement field and potential of substratum field.Equal potential surface is formed by connecting the points of equal potential around a field source.Points of tangency are formed when equal potential surfaces of different field source intersect with one another.A surface passing through the point is called separating surface.In a substratum field,there exist several sensitive points.Certain spacing relations between sensitive points and separating fields are formed when settlement field and substratum field overlap,and these relations become the key judging factors of a scenery safety pattern.This paper provides the theory and method for the establishment of safety pattern of ancient village scenery.