温州三垟湿地底泥氮、磷含量及其对水质的影响

为探讨温州三垟湿地底泥中氮、磷营养盐含量及其对水质的影响,测定了三垟湿地水体、底泥中的氮、磷含量。结果表明,三垟湿地底泥中富含氮、磷等营养盐,当氧化还原环境发生变化时,底泥可成为水体的主要污染源;底泥中的全氮、全磷若有1％释放,则会使水体中的总氮增加0．63—3．10mg／L,总磷增加0．94—4．70mg／L;若一次释放,则会使水体中的总氮增加62．50～310．00mg／L,总磷增加94．13～470．00mg/L;因此在当前情况下,即便切断外源污染,三垟湿地水体仍将长期处于富营养化状态。

Contents of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in the Bottom Mud of Wenzhou Sanyang Wetland and its Effects on Water Quality

tland ecosystem is the important natural resource of human being and has many kinds of functions and values, known as the "natural kidney". In recent years, more and more wetlands have been disappeared with the development of modern industry and agriculture, more and more waste water have been produced and discharged into the wetlands, so at the moment, water and sediment contamination have been the serious problem of the wetland ecosystem. The pollutants, such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the waste water are easy transferring to the bottom mud and lead to the bottom mud to be polluted and the main source of pollutants to the water.So, in order to study the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in the bottom mud of Wenzhou Sanyang wetland and its effects on the water quality, nitrogen and phosphorus were measured in the sampling water and bottom mud, of which NH4+ was 2.90 - 10.75 mg/L,average value 5.38 mg/L; TN was 34.04 - 63.20 mg/L, average 55.75 mg/L and TP was 0.38 - 1.50 mg/L, average 0.89 mg/L in the water and NH4+ was 5.32-60.95 mg/kg, average 35.99 mg/kg; TN was 1.7-3.5 g/kg, average 2.5 g/kg; TP was 2.7-6.0 g/kg, average 3.8 g/kg in the bottom mud. Then the quantity of water and bottom mud of the wetland was calculated and the effects of different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus releasing on water quality were calculated, too. Results indicated that the bottom mud of the wetland was rich in nitrogen and phosphorus and when conditions change, the bottom mud might be main pollution source of the water. If 1% of TN and TP in the bottom mud was released, then it would make the TN and TP in the water increase by 0.63 - 3. 10 mg/L and 0.94-4.70 mg/L and if all the TN and TP in the bottom mud were released at once, it would make the TN and TP in the water increase by 62.50 - 310.00 mg/L and 94.13 - 470.00 mg/L, respectively. So, even if all the other sources were cut off, the water of the wetland would still be in eutrophication for a long time.