我国主要地形上空理想定常流的流域分界分析

本文根据旋转层结流体过山的基本理论，从总体上对影响我国天气、气候形成和发展的主要地形进行了动力学分析，定性地给出了中纬度典型的东西、南北向气流过我国主要地形的整体特征：以绕流还是爬流为主以及地形流动的准地转动力学性质.结果表明我国地形大致可以分成三类：第一类是以爬流为主，满足准地转平衡动力学；第二类是以爬流为主，不满足准地转平衡动力学；第三类以绕流为主，不满足准地转动力学平衡.具体地形流动的整体特征取决于地形特征尺度、过山气流方向、地形高度以及地形的几何形状等.数值模拟的验证结果表明定性分析是可信的.

Flow regimes for major topographic obstacles of China

Major topographic obstacles in China are taken into account as a whole and approximate scales of these topographies are dynamically idealized according to the theoretical results of mountain flow dynamics. For the typical west-east and north-south upstream flows, the questions are focused on the different flow regimes, such as flow-over/flow-around and quasi-geostrophic balanced or not. The results show that main topographies in China can be classified as three types, one is over-flow dominated and quasi-geostrophic balanced, the second is over-flow dominated hut quasi-geostrophic unbalanced, and the third is around-flow dominated and quasigeostrophic unbalanced. In fact, the primary flow characteristics are determined by not only the scales of the topographies but also their shapes and the upstream flow direction. The rationality of the regimes is validated through qualitative analysis of the flow over the Dabie Mountains and Taiwan Mountains which are numerically simulated using a mesoscale model.