我国水文资料整编和数据库技术发展综述

水文是水利和国民经济建设与发展重要的基础工作。经过整编的水文资料是国家重要的基础信息资源之一, 它被广泛应用于防汛抗旱、水工程规划设计、水资源管理与开发利用、水环境保护、水科学研究及其他国民经济建设。长期以来,水文资料为我国水利和国民经济建设与发展提供了科学决策依据。随着经济社会发展和人民生活水平不断提高,对控制水旱灾害、水环境监测与保护、水土保持与生态、水资源管理等方面要求越来越高,对水文资料分析处理、存储、应用服务要求也相应提高。本文主要从技术角度,对我国水文资料整编主要技术方法和水文年鉴发展进行了总结与分析;对水文数据库有关技术标准制定、水文数据库建设成就进行回顾;同时结合水文信息共享和应用服务需求,对相关技术发展进行了展望。

Development of the Technology of Hydrologic Data Processing and Database in China

Hydrology is an important base for water conservancy and even for the construction and development of the national economy. As one of the important basic information sources in the country, the processed hydrologic data are widely used in flood control and drought relief, water structures planning and designing, water resources management and development, water environment protecting, water scientific research and etc. For many years, the hydrologic data have been used as the reliable basis for scientific decision making and construction of national economy. Along with the development of economy and society and improvement of living standard, the requirement has been getting higher and higher in the respects of flood control and drought relief, water environment monitoring and protecting, soil and water conservation, ecotope protecting and water resources management, so that the better service should be offered in analysis, process and storing of the hydrologic data. This paper summarizes and analyzes the method of hydrologic data processing and hydrology year books developing, reviews the institution of the technical standards concerned with the hydrological data bases and achievements from construction of the hydrological data bases, and prospects the development of the concerned technology according to the requirement from hydrological information sharing and applying.