溶液矿化度及加量对钠-蒙脱石晶间距的影响研究

自来水引起的钠-蒙脱石黏土矿物晶间距增量大于不同矿化度的KCl、NaCl、CaCl2溶液，在水中加入不同类型的盐有助于稳定钠-蒙脱石黏土矿物，抑制黏土矿物晶间距扩展。不同类型、不同矿化度盐溶液引起的钠-蒙脱石黏土矿物晶间距增量不同，比较KCl、NaCl、CaCl2 3种溶液，KCl溶液引起的晶间距变化量最小，在饱和KCl溶液作用下，钠-蒙脱石黏土的晶间距变化量仅1.32%。钠-蒙脱石与不同类型溶液接触，随溶液加量增加，晶间距增量逐渐减小并逐渐趋于稳定。钠-蒙脱石的水化膨胀量与溶液总加量无直接关系，当黏土矿物浸泡在水溶液中时，晶间距不会随着水的总量增加而无限扩展。钠-蒙脱石与加量相同的不同类型溶液接触时，晶间距随接触时间增加呈复杂指数函数变化，表现出在初期突变增大并很快趋于稳定的特点。

Research on effects of solution salinity and dosage on sodium montmoduonite crystalline interspace

The increment of sodium montmorillonite crystalline interspace caused by tap water is greater than KCl, NaCl, CaCl2 solutions with different salinities; adding different types of salts into water can stabilize sodium montmorillonite clay mineral and inhibit the expansion of crystalline interspace. The increments of crystalline interspace affected by different salinities and types of solutions are different. Comparing three kinds of solution KCl, NaCl, CaCl2, the variation caused by KCl solution is the least; the crystalline interspace variation is only 1.32% under the saturated KCl solution. When sodium montmorillonite contacts with different types of solution, the crystalline interspace increment decreases and gradually tends to be stabilized with the increasing of solution dosage. The hydrate expansion capacity of sodium montmorillonite has no direct relationship with the total solution dosage; when the clay mineral is soaking in water, interspace will not expand unlimitedly as the increase of the total volume of water. When contacted with the same dosage but different types of solution, the crystalline interspace changes as complex exponential function with the increase of contact time; in shows the characteristic of mutation increasing in the initial stage and quickly tending to be stabilized.