浅谈地貌筛分与复原——李四光学术思想的传承与创新

李四光的学术体系博大精深，科学思路独树一帜，研究方法系统全面，十分值得传承和创新。其亮点之一就是构造筛分。构造筛分指的是把各不同时期形成的构造从复合构造中按先后顺序分离出来。该思路在复杂构造区研究显得更为重要。构造筛分的思想在地貌学研究中也有重要的指导意义。地貌学是一门四维科学，它不仅要从三维空间的角度去研究地貌的点、线、面、体等四要素，而且还要从时间的角度，研究地貌的过去、现在和未来。论文以地貌学时间维作主线，以华南沿海地区宏观地貌（水系、夷平面、晚中生代花岗岩穹窿山、晚白垩世-古近纪红层盆地、晚第四纪盆地等）为例，通过对新老嵌合的复合地貌以及地貌形成的内、外动力作用的筛分，恢复不同阶段地形原貌并发展历史，探讨地貌发展规律、机理和大地构造背景。研究表明，尽管华南沿海地貌类型繁多，新老嵌合，成因复杂，但却显示了一幅和谐统一的图像，显示了筛分思路在地貌学研究的指导意义。文章最后讨论地貌学时间维研究以及科学理论的传承与创新等哲学问题，指出，纪念李四光，更重要的是传承他思想方法和科学方法的精髓，而不拘泥于个别问题，从而促进在中国学者原始创新的道路上大步向前迈进。

ON THE LANDFORM SIEVE AND RESTORATION: INHERITANCE AND INNOVATION OF J.S.LEE'S ACADEMIC THOUGHTS

The academic system of J.S.Lee is extensive and profound; his scientific thinking is distinctive and original; and his research method is comprehensive and systematic, many of which are still worth inheriting and further innovating. One of the highlights here is the geological structural sieve. The definition of structural sieve is a method of the separation of the overlap structures formed in different periods by the analysis of the relative forming order. This idea is very important especially in the study of complex tectonics, avoiding possible confusion of the different geological structures with different ages. The idea is also valuable in the study of landforms, especially in the complex and overlap ones with different ages. Geomorphology is a four-dimension discipline. It is necessary to study not only the landforms in three-dimension in space, but also the geomorphic past, present and future in the time-dimension. In the research on geomorphologic time-dimension or historical geomorphology, we need to sieve different landforms with different ages in order, together with their forming agents, from the overlap or mosaic landform complex, restore their original features, reestablish their evolution history and analyze their genesis. Along the time-dimension masterstroke, methods and significance of research on geomorphic history, evolution and mechanism are exemplified by several macro-landforms (river systems, planation surfaces, late Mesozoic granite domes, K₂-E red bed basins and late Quaternary basins, etc.) in the coast area of South China. In spite of various types, mosaic ages, complex genesis of the landforms in the example area, they show a harmonious picture by the research following the method of landform sieve and restoration. The example indicates that the landform sieving is the same efficient to the structural one. The research of historical geomorphology as well as the relationship between inheritance and innovation is discussed philosophically finally. The best way in the memory of J.S.Lee is to inherit his scientific thinking instead of his special knowledge, which was inevitably limited by the scientific and technological developing level in the past. The purpose in the memory of J.S.Lee is to encourage the original innovation in the scientific research for Chinese scholars by learning from his thinking quintessence.