中国夕阳产业地域划分及其类型

结合国外关于夕阳产业地域的研究以及中国的实际，提出了夕阳产业地域的4大典型特征，分别为区域内产业结构失调，区域主导产业正处于产品生命周期末期，曾经持续繁荣，但现在正在衰退，区域内居民生活水平低且社会问题比较严重。结合数据的可获取性，确立了划分中国夕阳产业地域的4项标准及12项指标，并建立了相应的评分体系。在此基础上，对中国以省级地域单元为研究对象进行了具体分析，得出我国省级地域单元的5种基本类型，它们分别为夕阳产业地域，弱夕阳产业地域，未实现工业化地域，正常发展地域以及快速发展地域。黑龙江，山西，辽宁，吉林4省是目前这一研究层面上的夕阳产业地域。

The Distribution and Types of Old Industrial Areas in China

Old industrial areas first appeared in Britain and some other Western developed countries more than a century ago. In China, because of some problems existing in the industrial structure and the dominant industry, several provinces that had been prosperous now are declining. In those provinces, the speed of the economic development is slowing down, and many social problems are getting more and more serious. In fact, those regions have become old industrial areas. In this paper, considering the foreign researches on old industrial areas and the realities of China, the authors put forward four characters of the old industrial areas of China. They are as follows: uncoordinated in industrial structure, the dominant industries are at the end of the regional life cycle, the regions had been prosperous for a long time but now are declining, the living standard of the people is low and the social problems are serious. Considering the data's acquirability, the authors put forward four criterions and twelve indexes which are used to plot out the old industrial areas of China, and set up a suit of estimation system correspondingly. Based on those criterions, indexes and estimation system, the authors make an analysis of China in the unit of province. In the end, the provinces of China are classified into five elementary types: old industrial areas, quasi-old industrial areas, industrializing areas, regular development areas and rapid development areas. Heilongjiang, Shanxi, Liaoning and Jilin are presently the old industrial areas of China in this paper.