Chad Basin: Paleoenvironments of the Sahara since the Late Miocene |
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| Authors: | Mathieu Schuster Philippe Duringer Jean-François Ghienne Claude Roquin Pierre Sepulchre Abderamane Moussa Anne-Elisabeth Lebatard Hassan Taisso Mackaye Andossa Likius Patrick Vignaud Michel Brunet |
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| Institution: | 1. CNRS UMR 6046, IPHEP, université de Poitiers UFR SFA, institut international de paléoprimatologie, paléontologie humaine : évolution et paléoenvironnements, 40, avenue du Recteur-Pineau, 86022 Poitiers cedex, France;2. CNRS UMR 7516 IPGS, université de Strasbourg, institut de géologie, école et observatoire des sciences de la Terre, 1, rue Blessig, 67084 Strasbourg cedex, France;3. CNRS UMR 1572, laboratoire des sciences du climat et de l’environnement, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France;4. Département de paléontologie, université de N’Djaména, BP 1117, N’Djaména, Tchad;5. Chaire de paléontologie humaine, Collège de France, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France |
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| Abstract: | Since the mid 1990s, the Mission paléoanthropologique francotchadienne (MPFT) conducts yearly paleontological field investigations of the Miocene-Pliocene of the Chad Basin. This article synthesizes some of the results of the MPFT, with focus on the Chad Basin development during the Neogene. We propose an overview of the depositional paleoenvironments of this part of Africa at different scales of time and space, based on a multidisciplinary approach (sedimentary geology, geomorphology, geophysic, numerical simulations and geochronology). The Miocene-Pliocene paleoenvironments are examined through the sedimentary archives of the early hominids levels and the Holocene Lake Mega-Chad episode illustrates the last major paleoenvironmental change in this area. The sedimentary record of the Chad Basin since the Late Miocene can be schematized as the result of recurrent interactions from lake to desert environments. |
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