夷平面研究评述

全球构造与地球大尺度地形特征之间的关系研究重新成为一个地学研究热点。在国内，夷平面研究的“回春”是其一个主要的表现形式。但在研究中，一些基本的理论与问题有待明确、探讨和解决。在夷平面理论的研究中，地貌演化的历史研究和演化的机制研究仍是最基本的问题。“夷平面”定义的混乱严重阻碍了相关研究的发展。不同气候和构造环境下，夷平面的形成和演化过程仍需科学地概括和抽象。在研究实践中，时间和空间尺度的精确解释成为关键的问题。一方面，不同类型夷平面的地貌特征(海拔高度、地面坡度、相对高度和面积)仍待明确或半定量、定量表示；而另一方面，夷平面的定年仍是一个棘手的问题。在夷平面的确认过程中，一些地貌学原则和规律应当遵循，如齐一山顶面地貌学成因的不确定性；以及同一地貌单元内，准平原型夷平面的出露具有唯一性等。夷平面的相关堆积是夷平面定年和古地貌重建的基础，但是我们必须明确相关堆积与夷平面的关系，如夷平面的原地相关堆积——风化壳的年龄只能够对夷平面的形成时代给予约束，而不能指示其确切的形成时间。更为困难的是，在古地貌的重建过程中，起始时刻某一区域的地貌特征参数仍然无法精确的确定。

Review on the Planation Surface

The relationship between global tectonics and macro-scale morphological features of earth became the hot-spot of geoscientific researches once more. In China, a main response is the rejuvenation of planation surface researches. But, some principal theories and issues should be defined, discussed and resolved in researches. On the theory of plantion surface, historical studies and functional studies are still the main issues. Firstly, the confusion of 'planation surface' definition blocked the research's advance. In addition, the formation and evolution models of planation surface under various climate and tectonics still need to be generalized and abstracted. In the field exercises, the time scale and space scale of planation surface are still the key issues. On the one hand, the geomorphological characteristics (e.g. elevation or base level, gradient of surface, relative height and space range) of different planation surfaces need to be defined and presented semi-quantificationally or quantificationally. The dating of planation surface is still an intractable problem. About the recognition of different types of planation surfaces, some geomorphological principles and regulations should be followed, e.g. the genesis uncertainty of gipfelflur, the only alone principle of outcrop of peneplain in one geomorphological unit etc. Though, the related deposition formed the base of dating and paleogeomorphological reconstruction about planation surfaces, the relationship between related deposition and planation surface must be accounted for. For example, the age of the autochthonous related deposition of plantion surface, i.e. weathering mantle, only constrained the formation time of planation surface, couldn't indicate its accurate age. Besides, the initiative parameters of geomorphological features still can't conform exactly for reconstruction of paleogeomorphology.