X射线晶体学技术的发展及其在地球深部物质研究中的应用

随着光源更为全面的应用、探测器及计算技术方面的发展X射线晶体学技术得到了利用电子藕合探测器技术（CCD）对矿物晶体包括对地幔矿物及具有调制结构的矿物晶体结构的测定．开发出电子藕合探测器技术中的甘道菲（Gandolfi）方法。该方法不仅能对单晶样品进行德拜环的测定，而且可大量应用于难以取得单晶颗粒的样品的XRD研究．从而使得处于单晶（具有严格单一的晶体学取向）及粉晶（具有完全随机的晶体学取向）之间过渡类型的晶体的XRD研究成为可能。该方法与粉末衍射图谱的全谱拟合（Rietveld method）法相结合可解决粉晶结构解析和精修问题。

THE DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY IN X-RAY CRYSTAL LOGRAPHY AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE INVESTIGATION OF MINERALS IN THE DEPTH OF THE EARTH

Looking back the development course of X-ray crystallography,the light source,detector and calculation technology in this field were introduced.As a focal point,the technology of Charge-Coupled Device Area Detector(CCD) and its application for mineral crystal structure determination were introduced,included the application of this kind of technology for mantle minerals and the minerals with modulated structure.The Gandolfi method in CCD technology has been developed.This kind of method not only used for single crystal,but also used in the samples which the single crystal is difficult to get.Therefore,the determination of the transition type crystal between single crystal(the crystal orientation is unique) and powder crystal(the crystal orientation is random) becomes possible.Connecting with the full pattern simulation of powder diffraction(Rietveld method) with CCD detector data,a lot of crystal structure determination and refine problems will be solved.