The impact of faults on the geomorphology of the Earth’s crust: case study of faults impacts on the geomorphology of Lar Valley,Northeast of Tehran (Iran) |
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Authors: | A Khorsandi T Miyata |
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Institution: | (1) Power and Water University of Technology (PWUT), P.O. Box 16765-1719, Tehran, Iran;(2) Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan |
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Abstract: | The geomorphology of the Lar Valley in the Northeast of Tehran, the Capital of Iran, is under the geological influence of
the Central Alborz, in which the different geological formations are folded and thrust, time and again over each other by
faults, creating the heights. The Damavand volcano is located to the east of Lar Valley, appearing in the heights of Alborz
at the point of deviation in the structural strike of Alborz chain and along the faults during the quaternary period. The
physiographic, landslide phenomenon, rock fall, valleys, water courses and alluvial fans in the Lar Valley were reviewed and
studied according to aerial photographs, satellite images and field observations from the aspect of their susceptibility to
the impact of faults. The results indicate that 80% of the peaks and high mountains in Lar Valley are created and influenced
by the action of overthrust faults. Ninety percent of the land and rock sinking are located in the intermediate regions between
the faults, and they are believed to be the results of fault impacts. Seven out of the nine cases of landslide in Lar are
located on or in the margin of the faults depicting the latter’s influence. The floor ratios of eight valleys were calculated
and it was determined that in addition to the impacts of faults on creating the valleys, the situation of most of these along
the margins of the faults as well as seven valleys are influenced by faults. The slope of rivulets and auxiliary rivers and
their angles in relation to each other and the main river were calculated. The results showed that seven rivulets were under
the influence of faults. Fifty-nine percent of the alluvial fans in Lar Valley were greatly influenced by faults, whereas
49% were under their normal impact. The supposition in this study is that the results can be used to identify faults and their
characteristics. |
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Keywords: | Lar Valley Geomorphology Fault impact Fault identification |
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