大马撒寨佤族鸡骨卜文化地理考察

通过对西盟县大马撒佤族鸡骨卜文化的实地考察，得出如下结论：大马撒佤族鸡骨卜文化是阿佤山区佤族占卜文化的地区表现。祭司可以鸡股骨、竹签为介质，将竹签插入鸡股骨上的小孔，形成鸡骨卦，祭司根据卦形占卜凶吉。佤族祭司释卦语话自成体系，世代承传，各不相属。以此形成聚落特征。大马撒佤族鸡骨卜有一套传统的仪轨，其历史悠久源远流长，是佤族人民精神世界的一个组成部分，与日常生活息息相关。佤族鸡骨卜文化与华夏远古占卜文化有很深的渊源关系，是华夏占卜文化的原始遗孑。当华夏占卜文化主流发展形成为八卦占卜文化时，佤族占卜文化仍保持早期的原始形态，这为研究华夏早期八卦占卜文化的起源提供了特有的参照点。所以佤族鸡骨卜文化有一定的历史价值，应该加以深入研究。

RESEARCH AND GEOGRAPHICAL OBSERVATION ON THE CHICKEN BONE DIVINATION OF DAMASA WA NATIONALITY

Through the field visit in Damasa Wa Nationality communities in Ximeng County, Yunnan Province, the conclusions are summarized as follows： chicken bone divination in Damasa Wa Nationality communities is a regional manifestation of the divination culture in Wa communities. By using the chicken thighbones and bamboo stickers, the host of the divination inserts the bamboo stickers into the holes of chicken thighbones to make a chicken bone divination. The host of the divination tells the fate according to the configuration of the divination in the thighbones. Explanation of the divination is with sharp difference from the other Wa Nationality regions. These were spread from generation to generation. This is also a part of the community identity. There is a traditional polite procedure of making this divination in Damasa Wa Nationality communities. It is of long history and part of the composition of Wa Nationality vital world, also closely related to their daily lives. Chicken bone divination of Wa Nationality is of kinship relation with the Hua Xia divination culture. When Hua Xia divination culture developed into a dominate divination culture in terms of Eight Diagrams in Chinese mythology, Chicken bone divination culture of Wa ethnic kept the primitive form. This provides a comparative point to study the origin of the early Eight Diagrams in Chinese mythology. Hence Chicken bone divination of Wa ethnic is of historical value and needs further studies.