A Risk-Based Approach for Managing Hazardous Waste |
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| Authors: | C.Y. Chiang P.D. Petkovsky P.M. McAllister |
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| Affiliation: | Chen Y. Chiang;received his Ph.D. in environmental engineering from Rice University. He is a senior research engineer in Environmental RD&T at Shell Development Co.'s Westhollow Technology Center (3333 Hwy. 6 South, Houston, TX 77082;fax (713) 544–8727). He serves on the Hydrologic Science Panel of the National Science Foundation and on the Ground Water/Soil Technical Task Force of the American Petroleum Institute. He also serves on the Advisory Board of the Rutgers DARPA/ONR research program. His research interests include in situ bioremediation processes, ground water/soil sampling and monitoring, multiphase fluid flow phenomenon, and risk/ exposure assessment. Paul Petkovsky;is a senior research technician in the Groundwater Modeling Group of Environmental RD&T at Shell Development Co.'s Westhollow Technology Center. His responsibilities include site data analysis and the numerical modeling of the fate and transport of organics in ground water. He is currently pursuing a B.S. in chemical engineering, with an environmental emphasis, at the University of Houston. Paul McAllister;received a B.S. in chemical engineering from the University of Kansas in 1987 and a Ph.D. in chemical engineering from the University of Notre Dame in 1991. He is currently an associate research engineer in Environmental RD&T at Shell Development Co.'s Westhollow Technology Center. Since joining Shell, he has conducted research and provided technical support on ground water modeling and remediation issues. His research interests include in situ bioremediation of ground water and residual hydrocarbons, natural attenuation of contaminants, and subsurface fate and transport phenomena in the subsurface. |
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| Abstract: | In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed risk-based management of hazardous waste. A major component of the proposed rule is the determination of non-site- specific screening concentration levels from waste leachate. Ground water at a downgradient exposure point must not exceed those screening levels, or more stringent requirements would apply.
The screening concentration level is determined with verified models and equations that simulate the transport and attenuation of chemicals as they travel from the source area to the exposure point. A consortium of screening levels is determined in this paper by considering varying physical, chemical, and biological conditions. In addition, a method is developed for multi component leaching from contaminated soils in a landfill to determine the time-dependent behavior of a finite source. Finally, this paper discusses infiltration rate through the clay liner. |
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