生态系统响应全球变化的陆地样带研究

为从机理上理解、评估和预测陆地生态系统对全球变化的响应,国际地圈生物圈计划在全球共启动了15条全球变化陆地样带,其中2条在中国,即中国东北样带和中国东部南北样带。从植物碳氮代谢、生物多样性、生态系统功能与碳收支及样带生态系统的变化趋势等方面较系统地总结了围绕中国这2条全球变化陆地样带的最新研究进展,加深了全球变化与陆地生态系统相互作用过程与机制的理解,提出未来中国全球变化陆地样带研究应充分利用我国特殊的生态与环境及区域特色,重点针对陆地生态系统对全球变化的适应性、地球系统相互作用的生物—物理—化学—社会过程与管理、土地利用变化的动力学过程与机制、灾害性天气气候的生态效应及其调控机制和全球变化模拟预警系统开展研究,做出一些在国际上既有显示度又服务于我国社会经济可持续发展的研究成果。

Terrestrial Transect Study on the Responses of Ecosystems to Global Change

In order to understand,evaluate and predict how terrestrial ecosystems will respond to global change,International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme(IGBP) has established fifteen global change terrestrial transects in the world.Two of them are located in China,and there are NorthEast China Transect(NECT) and North-South Transect of Eastern China(NSTEC).The advance along NECT and NSTEC during recent years is presented systematically in this paper from plant carbon and nitrogen metabolism,biodiversity,ecosystem function and carbon budget,and ecosystem change trend under global change.These studies enhance the understanding of the processes and mechanisms of global change and terrestrial ecosystem interaction.Finally,considering the special eco-environment and regional characteristics in China,the authors emphasize that the future terrestrial transect study in China should pay more attention to the following key science problems: adaptability of terrestrial ecosystems to global change,dynamic process and mechanism of land use change,interactive biological-physical-chemical-social processes and management of the earth system,ecological effects of disaster weather and climate and their control mechanisms,global change simulation and warning system.These studies might enhance the academic level of global change study in the world,and provide the scientific basis for the sustainable social and economic development of China.