地电化学提取法机理研究

通过系统地研究几种矿物及土壤中的铜离子在电场作用下的溶出机理及迁移规律，得出地电化学提取法中的一般规律。在激发电场作用下，土壤中矿物的成矿元素可被加速溶出，并发生难溶形态→溶解度稍大的形态→可溶形态转化。同时离子的扩散系数最大比未加电场时增大约500倍．离子的迁移速度也增大了约50倍，流量也有明显提高。地电提取法提取的元素异常主要来源于电极周围附近的土壤(及所含的矿物)中。该异常是深部矿物所形成的离子晕的结果．并且与土壤中矿物元素的化学形态有关。

On the Mechanism of the Geoelectric and Chemical Extraction Method

The paper focuses on the discussion of the mechanism of the geoelectric and chemical extraction method.The general laws of the geoelectric and chemical extraction method are derived from the systematic analysis of leaching mechanism and migration pattern of copper ions in some minerals and soils under the geoelectric field. Owing to the process of excitation electric field, the minerogenetic elements in the minerals and soils can be fleetly dissolved out and their dissoluble forms change from undissoluble to dissoluble. By comparison with the normal geoelectric field, the maximal ratios of diffusion coefficients of copper ions increase by a factor of 500, the migration velocity of the copper ions by a factor of 50 and the flux of the ions is also obvious to be greater. The anomaly of elements extracted by the geoelectric and chemical extraction method are derived from the soils or minerals near the electrodes.The anomaly of elements results from the ion hales formed by the minerals in the depth of crust and has relations with the chemical forms of the elements in the soils and minerals.