A model of the electron and ion temperatures in the ionosphere |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Instituto de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional, Autónoma de México, A.P. 48-3, Cuernavaca 62251, Mexico;2. Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62210, Mexico;1. School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi’an 710071, China;2. National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environment, China Research Institute of Radiowave Propagation, Qingdao 266107, China;1. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;2. University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa;3. Indian Institute of Geomagnetism, New Panvel (W), Navi Mumbai 410218, India |
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| Abstract: | A model (empirical) of the electron and ion temperatures (TeTi) is presented in the altitude interval 50–4000 km as a function of time (diurnal, annual), space (position, altitude) and solar flux (F10.7). Using observations of six satellites (AE-C, AE-D, AE-E, ISIS-1, ISIS-2, OGO-6), five incoherent scatter stations (Arecibo, Chatanika, Jicamarca, Millstone Hill, St Santin) and rocket measurements, this model describes the global gross features of the ionosphere during quiet geophysical conditions (Kp⩽3). The numerical analysis is based on spectral decomposition; the horizontal structure is represented by spherical harmonies and Fourier series, and the vertical structure by spline functions. The electron temperature is, in general, very similar to the ion temperature below ∼90 km. Up to approx. 1500 km, the electron temperature is, on an average, distinctly higher than the ion temperature. Above ∼2000 km, however, the ion temperature is quickly catching up and attains somewhat below 4000 km the same magnitude as the electron temperature. |
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