气压对观测井水位的影响及校正方法

地下水监测能为有效管理地下水资源提供重要信息。大气压力对观测井水位有着重要影响，正确地分析这种影响可以有效判别地下水的流向，判断含水层的性质、识别井筒存储效应（well bore storage effects）和井薄壁效应(well skin effects), 计算包气带中空气的扩散度等。随着现代化监测仪器的推广使用，高质量的监测数据为分析气压对观测井水位的影响提供了基础和保障。系统分析了不同类型含水层中井水位对大气压力的响应模式，并对校正气压对水位影响的方法进行了分析和讨论。最后，以北京平原区两口监测井为例，运用多元回归反卷积方法分析了气压对井水位的影响，并对井水位进行校正。结果表明该方法能有效地分析和校正观测井水位中的气压影响。

Impact of atmospheric loading on the water level in a well and methods for calibrating it

Groundwater monitoring can provide important information for efficiently managing groundwater resources. Barometric loading has important effects on the water level in wells. Correct analysis of these effects can provide diagnostic information on groundwater flow direction, whether the aquifer is confined or not, the presence of borehole storage and skin effects, and the air diffusivity coefficient of the unsaturated zone. With the vast amount of using of modern monitoring tools, high quality monitoring data provide basis and support for analyzing effects of atmospheric loading on water level in wells. This paper systematically analyzes response patterns of water level in wells to atmospheric loading in different types of aquifers. Then different methods for calibrating effects of atmospheric loading are analyzed and discussed. Lastly, multiple regression deconvolution was used to analyze the impact of atmospheric loading on water level in two observation wells in Beijing plain, and water levels were calibrated with the analysis results. The analysis results indicate that this method can efficiently analyze and calibrate the effect of atmospheric loading on water level in observation wells.