海马(HIPPOCAMPUS)消化道的解剖学与组织学研究

本文研究了大海马Hippocampus kuda Bleeker,日本海马H·japonicus kauP和三斑海马H.trimacutatue Leach消化道的形态学。三种鱼类消化道的解剖学特点基本相同。消化道均可区分出头肠、前肠、中肠和后肠。中肠最长。口孔小,口腔呈管状,口鳃腔内无齿,无鳃耙,无舌,鳃孔小。不具胃,也无幽门垂,中肠前部稍为扩大形成假胃。 组织学方面共同特点为:粘膜上皮主要由柱状细胞和球形分泌细胞组成。上皮内无多细胞消化腺,未发现味蕾。大海马与日本海马在食道纵褶的形状,球形分泌细胞的分布区,假胃肌层的排列及上皮细胞的形状等方面有种的差别。

AN ANATOMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE ALIMENTARY CANALS OF SEA-HORSES (HIPPOCAMPUS)

This paper deals with the morphology of the alimentary canals of Hippocampus kuda Bleeker,H.japonicus Kaup and H.trimacutatue Leach. These fishes are of similarity in gross morphology. The alimentary canals of the 3 species can all be divided into 4 portions in the same manner:the head-gut, the fore-gut,the mid-gut and the hind-gut.Among them,the length of the mid-gut is the longest.The oral aperture is small, and the oral cavity is tube-shaped. No teeth, gill rakers and tongue exist it within the orobranchial cavity.The gill cleft has transformed into a very small aperture.They have no stomach and pyloric caecum.In all of these species,the anterior part of the mid-gut becomes dilated, thus forming the so called"pseudogaster ".In histological construction,the common feature is:their epithelium of the mucous-membrance is mainly composed of columnar cells and spherical secretory cells. Multicellular glands and test buds have not been found out in the headgut.The difference between H.kuda and H.japonicus may be well recognized in the shape of the longitudinal folds of the esop-hagus,the distribution of the spherical secretory cells,and the arrang-ment of muscle layers and the shape of ephithelial cells of the pseudogaster.