中日东海划界之中间线方案:问题与评析

中日东海划界历经旷日持久而未能解决,中国主张尊重《联合国海洋法公约》(以下简称《公约》)中大陆架之自然延伸原则,采取不同于专属经济区的方法对大陆架进行划界,而日本则始终坚持采用中间线对中日东海大陆架和经济专属区作一揽子划界。无论从逻辑角度还是法理视角,日本主张在中日东海划界中适用中间线将混淆《公约》中专属经济区与大陆架两种制度。基于中日东海大陆架的地质与地貌特点以及公约对上述两种权利的不同规定,中日难以通过中间线对东海的海洋权益作出公平划分。中日两国应以《公约》为依据,分别对专属经济区和大陆架的划界作出安排,同时兼顾处理钓鱼岛群岛的主权归属问题,使中日东海划界问题得到妥善解决。

The Median Line Scheme for the Delimitation 0f the East China Sea: Defect and Critique

The delimitation of East China Sea between China and Japan still remains unresolved after the long-drawn-out negotiation.China advocates respecting the principle of natural extension of the continental shelf established in the "United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea"(Hereinafter referred to as "Convention" in this article),the method of delimitation of the continental shelf should be different from that of the EEZ.However,Japan has always been sticking to using the median line to get a package of delimitation of the continental shelf and the EEZ.From both the logical point of view and the legal perspective,Japan’s application of the "median line" delimitation of the Sino-Japanese East China Sea would confuse the concepts of EEZ with continental shelf which are prescribed in "the Convention".According to the geological and geomorphological features of the continental shelf of East China Sea,it’s not right to delimitate the continental shelf with the median line.China and Japan should delimitate the EEZ and continental shelf respectively,taking into account the sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands,to get a fair result.