遵义铜锣井锰矿区土壤锰等元素的环境地球化学特征

对遵义铜锣井锰矿区及其背景区土壤的研究表明：（1）土壤母质岩石是控制土壤全量锰的主要因素，土壤有效锰受全量锰的制约。有效锰还受土壤物理化学条件的制约。总体上锰趋向于在表层土壤中富集。（2）土壤中锰的污染既有自然污染，也有人为污染。自然污染全量锰深层土壤大于浅层土壤；人为污染主要影响土壤表层，以表层土壤中高锰为特征，其深层土壤中锰与无污染状态相似。（3）锰矿开采造成的污染主要是锰的污染，其他元素如Cu，Zn，Co，Ni，Cd，Fe2O3，K2O污染不明显或无污染。土壤中全量P2O5可能受到了污染，但有效P2O5较低且分布无规律，反映不出锰矿开采造成的影响。

Environmental Geochemistry of Soil Manganese at Tongluojing Manganese Mining Area in Zunyi City

Based on the study of soils at Tongluojing manganese mining area in Zunyi City, it is concluded: (1) Parent rock of soil is a main factor that influence content of manganese in soils, and available manganese is controlled by whole content of manganese. The available manganese is also impacted by physical and chemical conditions. In general, manganese concentrates toward the surface layer of soil. (2) The contaminated soils consist of two types, one is of natural and the other is transformed in the mining area. Of natural pollution, whole content of manganese is decreasing from the bottom up in soil. Of artificial pollution, it only impacted on the soil layers at surface and resulted in its high manganese, while the deep soil layers are similar to those without contamination. (3) In the mining area, manganese pollution is primary. Other elements and compounds such as Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, Cd, Fe2O3 and K2O yield no apparent pollution or even no pollution. In soils, P2O5 may be polluted, but its available content is rather low and has no regulation, so that is incapable of reflecting the influences of mining activities.[