气温对呼吸和循环系统疾病影响及未来变化预估研究综述

随着全球气候变化的加剧，极端天气气候事件对相关人群健康的影响越发凸显。气温是气候变化的主要指标之一，也是影响人体健康关键的气象因素，呼吸和循环系统疾病作为主要的气象敏感性疾病，受气温的影响显著。本文通过梳理国内外气温对呼吸、循环系统疾病影响及未来随气候变化的风险预估等相关研究，探明了气温对诱发呼吸、循环系统疾病乃至死亡的共性和差异；适宜温度有利于降低呼吸、循环系统疾病的发病率，这为气候趋利的候鸟式旅居康养提供了理论依据。未来中国高温天气发生频次增加和强度增强，对老年人群及呼吸、循环系统疾病患者将产生更大影响。因此，候鸟式夏季避暑康养、有效降低其发病风险就显得更为重要。

A review of studies on the effects of temperature on respiratory and circulatory diseases and prediction of future changes

As global climate change intensifies, the impact of extreme weather and climate events on the health of the populations involved is becoming more pronounced. Temperature is one of the main indicators of climate change and a key meteorological factor affecting human health, and respiratory and circulatory diseases, as major weather-sensitive diseases, are most significantly influenced by temperature. In this paper, we focus on domestic and international studies on the effects of temperature on respiratory and circulatory diseases and the prediction of future risks with climate change. The commonalities and differences of temperature on inducing respiratory and circulatory diseases and even death are investigated; while suitable temperature is conducive to reducing the incidence of respiratory and circulatory diseases, which provides a theoretical basis for climate-friendly migratory bird residence and recreation. The increased frequency and intensity of high temperatures in China in the future will have a greater impact on the elderly population and patients with respiratory and circulatory diseases. Therefore, it is even more important for migratory bird summer retreats to effectively reduce their morbidity risk.