基于RS和GIS的桓仁县乡村聚落景观格局分析

运用RS和GIS技术以及景观分析方法,以辽东山区桓仁县典型的6个乡镇乡村聚落为研究对象,选取乡村聚落斑块数、斑块面积、斑块密度、平均斑块面积、面积加权平均斑块分维数等5个景观指数,从乡村聚落用地、规模、形态、分离度4个方面进行景观空间格局分析.结果表明,桓仁县乡村聚落的景观格局具有用地比重偏少,聚落斑块数量多、平均斑块面积小,聚落规模在0.743～1.292hm2之间,形态分布稀疏零散,分形指数小、斑块稳定,分离度大等特点.说明在这种乡村聚落景观格局作用下,必然导致自然景观缺乏高度连接,聚落周边自然生态环境受到侵扰和破坏.

Analysis on Landscape Pattern Based on RS and GIS in Huanren County

Based on RS and GIS,as well as FRAGSTATS,this paper discussed the spatial distribution and spatial structure of landscape type of rural settlement in Huanren County by selected six villages and towns.In this paper number of patches,area of patches,density of patches,Mean patch area,area-weighted mean patch fractal dimension are calculated in order to analyze proportions of rural residential land and scales,fractal dimension,distances of rural settlements.The results indicate as follows.Firstly,there are lower in proportion of rural residential land and more patch numbers and smaller on area mean patch of rural settlement than normal.Secondly,the scales of rural settlement are from 0.743hm~2 to 1.292hm~2.Thirdly,the spatial distribution features of rural settlement is random and sparsity.Fourthly,the fractal dimension indices are high,the patches are stabilization and the isolations between patches are big.Finally,the landscape lacks highly conjunction and the environment is disturbed and destroyed.