流体包裹体方法在页岩气研究中的应用

自美国页岩气革命以来，中国油气勘探开发对页岩气的研究日渐重视，大量研究对中国陆域页岩气地质资源进行了评价和优选，但对页岩气的生成机理、富集机理、成藏时间和后期破坏等方面的认识仍十分有限。文章通过对比已有对页岩气储层中的流体包裹体的研究，总结流体包裹体在页岩气储层的应用方法、现状与发展趋势。目前对于页岩气储层的包裹体研究，主要使用显微测温方法，对流体包裹体的均一温度、盐度进行研究；结合激光拉曼光谱测试分析包裹体成分，进而模拟恢复其古压力条件，从而反映出页岩气的生成机理、成藏温压条件等。总体而言，中国目前对页岩气生烃机制和保存机制以及储层特殊性的重视程度仍然不够，流体包裹体研究有望成为解决这些问题的利器，需要对其开展更多的工作。

APPLICATION OF FLUID INCLUSIONS METHODOLOGY IN THE SHALE GAS STUDY: A REVIEW

Since the US shale gas exploration breakthrough, more intention has been paid to shale gas exploration in China with a large number of research projects focusing on the potential evaluation and optimized target of continental shale gas in China. Even so, some key scientific issues on shale gas (i.e., generation mechanism, enrichment mechanism, accumulation time and deformation in later period) remain unclear. Herein, we carry out a systematic review about the application of fluid inclusion methodology, as well as its progress and prospective. Micropetrographic observation, cooling-heating stage micro-thermometry and Laser Raman are usually used to constrain the T(temperature)-X(composition)-P(pressure) of fluids contributing to formation of shale gas, and the forming depth (paleo-depth) are also reconstructed for further exploration. Generally, more specific fluid inclusion studies on shale gas reservoir are needed for the current insufficient understanding.