辽东湾北部海域沉积物重金属环境质量和污染演化

基于取自辽东湾北部海域表层沉积物和岩心样品,利用XRF等方法对沉积物中的重金属含量进行系统的测定,结合137 Cs、210Pb年代测定,分析了研究区表层沉积物中重金属分布特征、环境质量状态以及重金属污染历史。结果表明:辽东湾表层沉积物重金属As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn、Hg含量高值区主要分布在葫芦岛附近海域,并且呈现由近岸向远岸递减的趋势;辽东湾海域部分站位表层沉积物已经受到重金属污染,轻度和重度污染率为34.5%,清洁率为65.5%,重度污染站位集中在葫芦岛附近海域;辽东湾沉积物中重金属污染大致出现在1975年,于1997年达到最大,随后,重金属污染开始明显减少。辽东湾沉积物中重金属分布及演化特征与沿海社会经济发展和国家环境保护政策有着密切的联系。

ENVIRONMENT QUALITY OF LIAODONG BAY AND POLLUTION EVOLUTION OF HEAVY METALS

The concentration of heavy metals in the surface sediment and core samples in the northern part of the Liaodong Bay were systematically analyzed with X-ray fluorescence spectrometer(XRF),and the distribution pattern,environment quality and pollution history of heavy metals in surface sediments were studied in combination with 137Cs and 210Pb dating.Results show that the high values of As,Cd,Cu,Pb,Cr and Zn are distributed near the Huludao,and decrease off shore.Some stations in the Liaodong Bay were polluted by heavy metals,the sum of mild and severe pollution rate is 34.5%,with 65.5% remaining clean.Severely polluted stations are distributed around the Huludao water.The pollution of heavy metal in the Liaodong Bay appeared approximately in 1975,and reached a peak in 1997.Since then,it has been significantly decreasing.The pollution of heavy metals in the Liaodong Bay is obviously related to the coastal socio-economic development and a national environmental protection policy is required to ensure a safe and clean environment.