西方国家城市公共服务设施供给理论及研究进展

城市公共服务设施是城市社会性服务业的依托载体,是指城市中呈点状分布并服务于社会大众的教育、医疗、文体、商业等社会性基础设施。西方国家城市公共服务设施供给理论及研究主题可以分为三个阶段。二战后至20世纪70年代,基于公共物品理论,确立社会公共服务的政府单中心供给模式,城市公共服务设施的布局区位、供给效率是研究重点：70年代至90年代,从公共服务的双主体联合供给理论出发,探讨城市公共服务设施供给的空间公平;90年代以来,在公共服务多元化供给理论基础上,从社会结构视角深层次研究公共服务设施供给的空间可达性差异及社会空间分异。

The Progress of the Theory and Research on the Supply of Urban Public Service Facilities in Western Countries

Urban public service facilities is the carrier of urban social services, and provide basic social services for all,including education services, health services,business services,culture and sports services. After war Ⅱ, Western countries entered the public sectors management reform era because of the expansion of social public demand and supply scope and the civil societyrising. The research of urban public service supply in western countries can be divided into three stages. Before 1970s,the supply model of government single-center was established and the research on the location and efficiency was the research focus according to public goods theory;During the 1970s-1990s, the spatial equity of the distribution of public service facilities has beenresearched from theory of dual-main joint supply：From 1990s to date,based on the theory of diversified purveyance, society differentiation and accessibility has been the research focus from the perspective of social restructure.