噬菌体在水产养殖中治疗细菌感染的研究进展和挑战

高密度、集约化水产养殖业的发展导致疾病不断发生并呈现日趋严重之势,同时,由于细菌对传统抗生素产生耐药性而使抗生素的使用受到越来越多的限制,世界各国科学家都在致力于研究替代抗生素的新疗法。噬菌体因为可以特异性地杀死某些细菌,对动、植物以及环境都没有副作用,因此,在水产养殖病害防治中呈现良好的应用前景。本文从噬菌体的特异性、安全性、赋形方法以及对环境的影响等方面对国内外水产养殖中的噬菌体治疗研究现状和存在的主要问题进行了简要论述,为了解学科进展,促进噬菌体在治疗中的成功使用提供了理论依据。

Research progress and challenges of bacteriophage in the treatment of bacterial infections in aquaculture

With the rising frequency of diseases in aquaculture as a result of high-density and intensive farming, as well as antibiotics limits, biologists all over the world are investigating alternatives to antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infection. Bacteriophages can precisely kill some bacteria while having a little detrimental impact on animals, plants, and the environment; they are thus emerging as a promising option for non-antibiotic therapy to treat bacterial diseases. This study briefly examines the research status and major challenges of phage therapy in aquaculture at home and abroad in terms of specificity, safety, shaping method, and environmental impact. The successful application provides a theoretical foundation.