Diagnosis of stream sediment quality and assessment of toxic element contamination sources in East Attica,Greece |
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Authors: | D Alexakis |
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Institution: | (1) Centre for the Assessment of Natural Hazards, Laboratory of Reclamation Works and Water Resources Management, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechniou 9, 157 73 Athens, Greece |
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Abstract: | Diagnosis of stream sediment quality, multivariate statistics and GIS database proved successful tools for assessing As, Cr
and other potentially toxic element contamination in East Attica region. Stream sediments are mixtures of sediments, soils
and rocks from the drainage basin upstream of the collection site. Stream sediment quality can be used as initial condition
in reaction progress calculations to predict the groundwater quality. The type of methodology used in this study consists
of chemical analysis, pH evaluation, X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscope analysis, cumulative probability
plots, factor analysis, GIS database and comparison of the sediment contents with quality standards and levels recorded in
the literature and quantification of sediment contamination. Relationships between various elements have been identified from
factor analysis and reflect genetic associations. A GIS elaboration showed the spatial relationship between high positive
factor scores and presence of ore deposits and anthropogenic contamination. There is both natural and anthropogenic input
of As in East Attica streams. High Cr and Ni contents in East Attica stream sediments constitute a natural case of contamination.
The contamination degree in East Attica streams follows the order: Keratea-Lavrio > Keratea-Artemis > Rafina > Erasinos. |
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Keywords: | |
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