外来入侵海洋红藻牛岛薄膜藻Haraldiophyllum udoense的形态观察及rbcL基因序列分析

为统计大连海域红藻的物种多样性,在2016年5月至2021年5月进行标本采集时,发现了红叶藻科入侵海藻牛岛薄膜藻Haraldiophyllum udoense M.S.Kim et J.C.Kang,对其形态结构进行了详细的观察,并对rbc L基因序列进行了分析。结果表明:①藻体直立;呈暗红色或红褐色;高7~30 cm,宽6~25 cm;叶片状,薄膜质;藻体除基部和生殖结构外为单层细胞。②rbc L基因序列分析的结果显示本研究的6个样本间无碱基差异,与产自韩国的牛岛薄膜藻无碱基差异。牛岛薄膜藻是在我国海域首次发现的新纪录种,同时薄膜藻属Haraldiophyllum Zinova为我国新纪录属,认为船舶压舱水及海水流动是该种入侵的主要原因。本研究结果将丰富我国红叶藻科海藻的多样性,同时为外来海藻的入侵途径及对当地生态的影响提供新资料。

MORPHOLOGICAL AND RBCL GENE SEQUENCE ANALYSES ON INVASIVE MARINE RED ALGAE, HARALDIOPHYLLUM UDOENSE

In order to count the species diversity of red algae in Dalian sea areas,Haraldiophyllum udoense M.S.Kim et J.C.Kang in the family Delesseriaceae was discovered as an invasive species during May 2016 to May 2021 when we collected specimens.Detailed morphological structure was observed and the rbc L gene sequence was analyzed.Results show that the thallus is erect,dark red or reddish brown,7~30 cm high and 6~25 cm wide,leaf-like,membrane quality.The algae is monostromatic except for the lower portion and reproductive structures.The rbc L gene sequence analysis showed no divergence between our six samples of H.udoense and sequence from Korea.Both the species of H.udoense and the genus Haraldiophyllum Zinova are the new record in China.We infer that the ship ballast water and seawater flow are the main reasons for this species invasion.