冰冻圈服务功能及其价值评估初探

冰冻圈通过气候调节作用为人类营造了适宜的地球人居环境，提供了大量的淡水资源、高山水电和天然气水合物等清洁能源、多样的冰冻圈旅游产品、独特的冰冻圈文化形态，以及特有生物种群栖息地等资源，因此，冰冻圈具有独特的经济社会服务功能。在气候变暖驱动和人类活动干预下，冰冻圈服务功能具有增强与衰弱等过程，也存在功能丧失的阈限，因而其服务价值是动态的，是可评估和计算的。通过明晰冰冻圈系统功能，辨识全球不同时空尺度冰冻圈服务功能，初步建立了冰冻圈系统服务功能价值评估体系，可以提高决策者和民众对冰冻圈及其服务功能的认知程度和保护意识。同时，对于全球不同冰冻圈及其重点影响区各级政府实施冰冻圈服务功能的可持续利用和环境保护宏观决策，以避免追求短期经济行为而带来的负面影响，具有深远的历史意义和重要的现实意义。

A Preliminary Study on Cryosphere Service Function and Its Value Estimation

The development of cryosphere science shows a tendency of the combination of its natural and socioeconomic aspects, highlighting its service values. With the deepening of transition of cryosphere science from nature science towards stronger linkages with socioeconomic and cultural sciences nowadays, cross-disciplinary research of cryosphere is emerging, which meets the increasing demand of applied study of cryosphere in the future. By illuminating cryosphere service function (CSF), this study identified various forms of CSF and proposed a value evaluation system. Cryosphere services valuation can benefit decision-makers, and contribute to the increased public awareness of environmental protection. It has profound and practical significance and implications for implementing the sustainable utilization strategies of CSFs and macroeconomic policymaking for global environmental protection, and for avoiding scarifying environment while pursuing short-term economic profits in the process of achieving rapid economic development.