Floc size and settling velocity within a Spartina anglica canopy |
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Authors: | G.W. Graham A.J. Manning |
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Affiliation: | 1. Coastal Processes Research Group, School of Earth, Ocean and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK;2. HR Wallingford Ltd., Howbery Park, Wallingford,OxfordshireOX10 8BA, UK |
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Abstract: | There is increasing interest in tidal wetlands as mechanisms for sustainable and long-term coastal defence. The complexities of the interaction between the deposition of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and submerged vegetation, however, is to a large extent poorly understood. Consequently, accurate parameterisation of cohesive sediment settling fluxes in these environments is a crucial requirement for the development of high-resolution numerical models of wetland morphodynamics. A novel laboratory experiment is described in which the turbulent flow structure within a canopy of the halophytic macrophyte Spartina anglica is examined, and floc characteristics quantified using a unique floc camera configuration able to measure directly the full spectral floc size (D) and settling velocity (Ws). We provide the first quantitative observations of floc characteristics from shallow (h<0.5 m), vegetated flows and investigate the potential influence that variations in vegetative density may have on flocculation, and thus depositional fluxes, in comparison to unvegetated flows. |
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Keywords: | Saltmarsh Flocculation Suspended sediments Spartina anglica Sedimentation Annular flume |
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