Origin of hydrothermal mineralization in cassiterite-sulfide ore deposits of Kavalerovo district

Four stages of mineralization in the ore deposits of the Kavalerovo ore district are described. There is a general similarity in associations from one deposit to another, but the same stage may be significantly different in different deposits. On the other hand, an early stage in one deposit may be more similar to a later stage of another. This is particularly true of stages I and II. In some cases, then, there is a reverse succession, with higher temperature association superposed on a lower temperature one. This is not in accord with the theory of hydrothermal solutions being expelled from a crystallizing and progressively cooling magma. It is suggested that solutions derived by metamorphic processes and accompanied by tectonic pulses that produced fracturing to different depths may offer a better explanation of the observed paragenetic relationships than can the classical hydrothermal theory. — E. Ingerson