黄河GPS站噪声模型初探及稳定性分析

北极黄河科学考察站的GPS站位于挪威斯瓦尔巴群岛,该站对于我国在北极测绘领域的研究具有重要作用。由于极区条件的限制,该站建立在冻土之上,因此需要对其稳定性进行深入研究。本文在利用GAMIT/GLOBK软件处理黄河站及周边IGS站观测数据的基础上,估计了不同噪声模型下的噪声量级、站坐标序列参数和不确定度,分析了黄河GPS观测站与IGS站运动趋势之间的关联性。结果表明,黄河站及周边GPS时间序列不仅存在白噪声,还存在较大量级的闪烁噪声,个别站的一些分量还存在随机游走噪声,仅考虑白噪声会低估总噪声和参数不确定度;黄河GPS站与邻近的NYAL站相比,两者的水平和垂直运动趋势完全一致,仅在垂直方向上有2.15 mm·a~(–1)的差异。

Preliminary study on the noise model and stability analysis of the Yellow River GPS station

The GPS station of the Arctic Yellow River scientific research station is located in Svalbard, Norway, and plays an important role in the surveying and mapping of the Arctic research of China. Further research is needed on its stability because the station is built on permafrost limited to polar conditions. In this paper, observations from the Arctic Yellow River GPS satellite observation station, combined with observations from surrounding 14 IGS (International GNSS Service) stations for the same time period, were processed using GAMIT/GLOBK high-precision GPS data processing software. The noise level, the parameters of the time series, and its uncertainty were estimated based on different noise models, and the relationship of the movement trend between the Yellow River GPS station and the IGS stations was analyzed. The results show that the Yellow River Station and the surrounding GPS stations’ time series has white noise and a larger magnitude of flicker noise. Some components of certain stations also have random walk noise. Furthermore, the total noise and parameter uncertainty were underestimated when only white noise was considered. The horizontal and vertical motion trends of the the Yellow River GPS station are consistent with the NYAL station. Only the vertical direction has a difference of 2.15 mm·a^–1.