白令海峡治理的合作机制研究

近年来随着北极冰盖的融化,北极通航已成为可能,而白令海峡作为北极航道重要的出口/入口,其战略地位也将逐步显现并被各国关注。在讨论白令海峡的治理与合作时,首先要明确白令海峡是用于国际航行的海峡,而作为海峡沿岸国的美国和俄罗斯对于白令海峡的管控与合作将成为影响未来北极航行的重要因素。为同时保障海峡沿岸国与使用国的利益,可借鉴马六甲海峡的治理经验,在现有治理机制的基础上进一步深化海峡沿岸国与海峡使用国的合作机制。中国作为海峡使用国也有必要积极参与白令海峡的合作治理。

Research on the Cooperation Regime of Bering Strait Governance

In recent years, melting of the Arctic ice cap has made navigation through the Arctic possible. As the Bering Strait is the most important outlet and inlet of the Arctic route, its strategic position has gradually become clear and attracted the interest of many countries. To discuss the governance and cooperation in the Bering Strait, this paper first analyzes the legal nature of the Bering Strait and concludes that it is used for international navigation. Then, the current U.S. and Russia’s regulations regarding the Bering Strait from their position as the littoral state are investigated. Meanwhile, experience gained from the Malacca Strait is also learned. The paper finally envisions future governance of the Bering Strait by the littoral and user state, in which China may contribute and play an important role.