南极长城站验潮站数据处理和潮汐特点初步分析

继在南极中山站建成我国南极首个永久性验潮站后,2012年1月在南极长城站又建成了我国南极第二个永久性验潮站。通过对长城站验潮站相关数据进行分析处理,得到了验潮基准系统的水准网平差结果和验潮仪零点标定结果,以及长城站附近海域海洋潮汐170个分潮的调和常数,并据此进行了潮汐预报,同时分析了长城站潮汐余水位的变化特征,探讨了利用附近的Antarctic Base Prat验潮站的余水位改正长城站潮汐预报的可行性,结果表明使用Antarctic Base Prat验潮站余水位改正长城站潮汐预报,可以显著提高长城站验潮站潮汐预报的精度,余水位改正后2014时段的潮汐预报中误差为±3.42 cm,明显好于改正前的预报中误差±10.43 cm。

Processing of Tidal Data and Preliminary Analysis of Tidal Characteristics at Great Wall Station,Antarctic

Following the completion of a permanent tidal gauge station at Chinese Zhongshan Station in Antarctic, the second was constructed at Chinese Great Wall Station in January 2012. In this paper, the data obtained from the tide station at Great Wall Station are processed and analyzed. The results of leveling survey for the tidal datum system and the zero calibration of tide gauge are calculated. The harmonic constants of 170 tidal constituents are obtained using harmonic analysis. Tide prediction is carried out using those constants. Meanwhile, the characteristics of residual water level is studied, and the feasibility of using the residual water level of the nearby tide station, Antarctic Base Prat, to correct tide prediction at Great Wall Station is discussed. The results show that using residual water level correction of Antarctic Base Prat could significantly improve the accuracy of tide prediction at Great Wall Station. The error of the 2014 time period after the water level correction, ±3.42cm, is significantly better than that in the pre correction prediction, ±10.43cm.