2012年夏季三江平原湿地抚远地区浮游植物群落结构及多样性

2012年6月(夏季)对三江平原湿地抚远地区水域的浮游植物进行调查,设置了10个采样点,经鉴定共有浮游植物262个分类单元,包括239种19变种4变型,隶属于7门9纲22目32科73属.通过对浮游植物群落结构的初步分析,得出三江平原湿地抚远地区水域浮游植物群落结构组成以绿藻门、硅藻门、裸藻门为主,种类数为绿藻门(42.6％)＞硅藻门(22.8％)＞裸藻门(20.9％),细胞密度在3.88×104～278.07×104cells/L之间.聚类分析结果显示,可以将10个采样点分为两组,即农场区5个样点为一组,非农场区5个样点为另一组,两大区域的浮游植物群落结构差异明显,水体类型及生态环境的不同是其存在差异的主要原因.浮游植物多样性指数相对较为一致,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均在2左右,Margalef丰富度指数均大于3,Pielou均匀度指数在0.3 ～0.5之间.综合群落结构以及多样性分析表明,三江平原湿地抚远地区水域浮游植物物种丰富度较高,多样性良好.

Characteristics and diversity of phytoplankton community structures in the Sanjiang Plain Wetland (Fuyuan region) in the summer, 2012

Phytoplankton samples of the Sanjiang Plain Wetland (Fuyuan region) were collected from 10 sampling sites in June 2012. A total of 262 taxa belonging to 7 phyla, 9 classes, 22 orders, 32 families, 73 genera, 239 species, 19 varieties and 4 forms were identified. Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and Euglenophyta dominated the phytoplankton community, were 42.6%, 22.8% and 20.9%, respectively. The total cell density at different sampling sites varied from 3.88×10⁴-278.07×10⁴ cells/L. The results of cluster analysis divided the 10 sampling sites into two regions:farm region and non-farm region, and the differences in phytoplankton communities of these two regions were significant. The Shannon-Wiener diversity indices were about 2, Margelef indices were above 3, and Pielou evenness indices ranged from 0.3-0.5. Phytoplankton compositions in the farm region were more complex than those in non-farm region. Based on the species composition and diversities, it was suggested that the phytoplankton diversity of the Sanjiang Plain Wetland (Fuyuan region) was good and appropriate for the growth of the phytoplankton.