我国半干旱地区现代沙漠化驱动因素的定量辩识

现代沙漠化的成因是目前沙漠化研究中争论较大的问题之一，其根源在于对现代沙漠化驱动因素的辩识不清，难以确定现代沙漠化过程中的 主要驱动因素。本文对位于我国半干旱地区的主要沙漠化地区科尔沁、浑善达克、乌盟后山、共和盆地、藏北高原和藏南河谷地区内各选择一个典型区，分别是白音他拉、那日图、西井子、共和盆地、那曲地区和扎囊县，利用主成分分析和相关分析等定量方法，分析了6个典型区现代沙漠化过程中多种影响因素的作用，找出了现代沙漠化过程中的主要驱动因素，研究结果，6个典型研究区现代沙漠化的驱动因素具有综合性、地域性和主导因素的差异性，说明在我国半干旱地区的现代沙漠化是一个自然与人为因素共同作用的综合过程，其驱动因素有着较大的地域性和差异性。推广之，对我国沙漠化驱动力或成因的认识也不能一概而论，现代沙漠化的成因应具有一定的地域性。

Quantitative Identification of Driving Factors of Contemporary Sandy Desertification in Semi-arid Zone in China

The cause of contemporary sandy desertification is now one of the main debating problems in research on sandy desertification. There are three kinds of different viewpoints in China, which are man-made process and nature-made process as well as comprehensive process. The reasons leading to different viewpoints are that the driving factors of sandy desertification can not be clearly identified except that the research regions are different. To find the driving factors of contemporary sandy desertification in semi-arid zone in China, this paper takes 6 areas as the typical research area and makes use of principal component analysis method and correlation analysis method. The 6 research areas are Baiyintala area, Naritu area, Xijingzi area, Gonghe area, Naqu area and Zhanang area, which all locate in the main sandy desertification regions in semi-arid zone in China. According to the quantitative analysis results of 6 typical research areas, it can be concluded that contemporary sandy desertification process in semi-arid zone in China is complex, which are affected by many kinds of natural and human factors. In the process of contemporary sandy desertification, there are different driving factors in different regions. The human factors play a leading role in sandy desertification process in some areas, but the natural factors may play a leading role in other areas. Although normally, the main driving factors of human factors are over-reclamation and over-grazing and the main driving natural factors are rainfall and temperature, the main driving factors of human factors or natural factors are also different in different places. So, the driving factors of contemporary sandy desertification in semi-arid zone in China have the comprehensive feature and regional feature.;Decided by the features of driving factors, the cause of contemporary sandy desertification in semi-arid zone in China also should have the comprehensive feature and regional feature. It means that, in semi-arid zone in China, the cause of contemporary sandy desertification is comprehensive and regional. The contemporary sandy desertification is a complicated and comprehensive process. So, the idea thinking the cause of sandy desertification is simply man-made or nature-made is not reasonable. The cause is different in different regions.